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Technologies |
Zeoforming Technology |
Zeoforming is a catalytic-refining process for low-octane gasoline cuts of various origins into unleaded, high octane gasoline and LPG using zeolite-containing catalysts.
This process was developed by Siberian technological company "ZEOSIT".
The traditional method (Reforming) of high octane gasoline production uses a platinum catalyst in low-capacity installations (mini-plants). The alternative Zeoforming process has a number of major advantages (Table 1).
Depending on the mode of operation, a single Zeoforming installation can produce gasoline ranging from brand À-76 to ÀÈ-93. Gasoline output depends on the composition of the feedstock. Operating in the À-76(À-80) mode, gasoline makes up 80-95% of the output, while in mode ÀÈ-93, the gasoline output is 60-85% (Table 3).
The quantity of hydrocarbon gas (mainly propane-butane cut) varies within the range of 5-40% depending on the composition of the feedstock and the commercial gasoline brand. As much as 70% of the hydrocarbon gas could be transformed into liquid gas.
Comparison of parameters of reforming and zeoforming processes (all data below is prepared and presented by STC ZEOSIT)
| Parameters |
Zeoforming |
Reforming |
| Temperature of reaction,0Ñ |
350-460 |
480-550 |
| Pressure, atm. |
5-15 |
10-30 |
| Hydrogen plant |
Not required |
required |
| Hydrofining of the stock |
Not required |
required |
| Stock |
Hydrocarbons Ñ5-2000Ñ; Olefine -containing gases; Oxygen-containing compounds |
Hydrocarbons Ñ6-1800Ñ (napthene based) |
| Catalyst |
Does not contain precious metals, ecologically safe |
Contains Pt, Pd and possibly other heavy metals |
| Composition of the final product |
Premium gasoline ready for use;
Benzene content - 2-4% |
Premium aromatic component of gasoline requiring comp-auditing;
Benzene content - 7-15% |
Output of target product:
- per cut 35-1600Ñ
- per cut 70-1800Ñ |
Automobile gasoline:
À-76 ÀÈ-93 "Euro-super-95"
80-90% 60-75%
85-95% 75-85% 73-83% |
Gasoline output depends on the conditions of comp-auditing |
| Permissible content of sulfur in the stock |
Up to 1-1,5% of the mass. |
Less than 0,001% of the mass. |
| Sulfur content in the product |
No higher than 0,10% of the mass. |
No higher than 0,001% of the mass. |
Consumption rate per 1 ton of feed stock of zeoforming process
¹
ï/ï |
Name |
Operation mode of installation
(Octane number of produced gasoline) |
| 76 ÌÌ |
91-93 ÈÌ |
| 1. |
Catalyst, kg |
0,08-0,15 |
0,15-0,28 |
| 2. |
Electric power, kw/hour |
20-25 |
25-30 |
| 3. |
Nitrogen, nm3 |
20 |
40 |
| 4. |
Air, nm3 |
20 |
40 |
Quantity of commercial products produced by various capacity installations
¹
ï/ï |
Produced commercial products |
Capacity of "Zeoforming" installation thousand
ton/year (by stock) |
| 10 |
20 |
40 |
80 |
100 |
| 1. |
à) during processing cut
35-1600Ñ
gasoline, in thousand tons: |
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| À-80 or |
8,0-9,0 |
16,0-18,0 |
32,0-36,0 |
64,0-72,0 |
80,0-90,0 |
| ÀÈ-93 |
6,0-7,5 |
12,0-15,0 |
24,0-30,0 |
48,0-60,0 |
60,0-75,0 |
b) during processing cut
70-1800Ñ
gasoline, in thousand tons: |
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| À-80 or |
8,5-9,5 |
17,0-19,0 |
34,0-38,0 |
68,0-76,0 |
85,0-95,0 |
| ÀÈ-93 or |
7,5-8,5 |
15,0-17,0 |
30,0-34,0 |
60,0-68,0 |
75,0-85,0 |
| Euro-super-95 |
7,3-8,3 |
14,6-16,6 |
29,2-33,2 |
58,4-66,4 |
73,0-83,0 |
| 2. |
Hydrocarbon gases, thousand tons *), |
1,0-4,0 |
2,0-8,0 |
4,0-16,0 |
8,0-32,0 |
10,0-40,0 |
including:
Liquid gas |
0,7-2,5 |
1,4-5,0 |
2,8-10,0 |
5,6-20,0 |
7,0-25,0 |
| 3. |
Heavy still bottoms |
0,15-0,3 |
0,3-0,6 |
0,6-1,2 |
1,2-2,5 |
1,5-3 |
*) - lower limit in gasoline production mode - À-80, upper limit - ÀÈ-93.
An important feature of the new technologies is their high efficiency and absence of toxic gaseous, liquid or solid wastes and emissions.
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